职业描述：Contractors and Supervisors, Trades and Related Workers (721)

At Work
These contractors and supervisors work in structural metal, platework and metal products manufacturing, fabrication and erecting, construction, printing and publishing companies, machine shops, for trade contractors and a wide range of organizations. They supervise, co-ordinate and schedule the activities of the following workers:
Machinists, machining and tooling inspectors, and tool and die makers;
Electricians, electrical power line and cable workers, telecommunications line and cable workers and installation and repair workers, and cable television service and maintenance technicians;
Plumbers, steam fitters, pipefitters, sprinkler system installers and gas fitters;
Sheet metal workers, boilermakers, structural metal and platework fabricators and fitters, ironworkers, skilled welders, blacksmiths and die setters;
Carpenters and related workers;
Machinery and transportation equipment, motor vehicle and other mechanics;
Crane operators, drillers and blasters in surface mining, quarrying and construction, heavy equipment operators, longshore workers, public works maintenance equipment operators, railway track maintenance workers and water well drillers;
Workers who produce camera work, printing plates and cylinders, process film, print text and illustrations, bind and finish printed products; and
Masons, plasterers, construction workers, installers, repairers and servicers.

Education, Training and Experience
These contractors and supervisors usually require a high school diploma. Many recent entrants have a trade/vocational diploma or another postsecondary diploma or degree.

They need several years' experience as a qualified tradesperson in a relevant trade.
They may require provincial trade certification.

About these Occupations
172,000 persons were employed in these occupations in 1996, an increase of 6.1% from 1986. Over the same period, employment in all occupations grew by 13.1%.

These supervisors oversee workers in a wide variety of trades.
7% of these supervisors work part-time, well below the average of 19% for all occupations.
21% of these supervisors are self-employed, well above the average of 16% for all occupations. The proportion of self-employed workers in these occupations has increased significantly over the last 10 years.
12% of these supervisors are women, well below the average of 45% in all occupations.
The unemployment rate in these occupations averaged 10.9% from 1994 to 1996, well above the average of 6.7% for all occupations. These rates are among the highest for technical, paraprofessional and skilled occupations.
Average earnings of year-round, full-time workers in these occupations in 1995 were $36,300, compared to an average of $35,700 for all occupations.
The separation rate in these occupations is high, due in large part to the seasonal nature of employment in these occupations.
Employment in these occupations is highly sensitive to overall economic conditions and highly seasonal.

Full-Time Earnings

1995 Full-Time Earnings*
$54,800 Highest
$36,300 Average
$14,600 Lowest

* Full-time earnings of the highest 10%, the average and the lowest 10% of workers. $35,700 is the average for all occupations.

Looking to the Year 2001
Current labour market conditions for new entrants in these occupations are poor. Labour market conditions for new entrants will remain poor through 2001.

New techniques and increasing skill requirements in many trades mean that these supervisors will need a corresponding increase in skills.
Most of the increase in labour requirements through 2001 for these occupations will occur in the construction industry.