职业描述：Librarians, Archivists, Conservators and Curators (511)

At Work
People in this group work in schools and for government, libraries, archives, museums, art galleries and other organizations. They may be self-employed.
Librarians develop, organize and maintain library collections and provide advisory services for users. They perform manual and on-line reference searches, arrange inter-library loans and supervise technicians, assistants and clerks. They may specialize in particular collections or work in information management areas such as maintaining Web sites or providing training in Internet resources.
Archivists acquire, research and store historical documents, photographs, maps, audio-visual and other materials. They ensure the preservation and storage of these materials and develop classification systems so that users can gain access to them.
Conservators restore and conserve paintings, photographs, sculptures, furniture, pottery and other works of art and antiquity. They provide consultation to museums, art galleries and individuals, and supervise conservation technicians and other museum technicians. They may specialize in a particular conservation field.
Curators recommend the acquisition of paintings, photographs, sculptures, documents and other museum and gallery artifacts. They research the origin and history of artifacts, develop the storyline and theme of displays and exhibitions, and supervise curatorial assistants and other museum technicians. They may specialize in particular collections.

Education, Training and Experience
People in this group usually have a university degree.

Librarians need a master's degree in library science.
Archivists usually require a master's degree in archival studies, library science or history.
Conservators need a master's degree in art conservation or a college diploma in conservation technology and several years' experience in conservation work.
Curators must have a bachelor's or master's degree in museology, art history or in a field related to their area of work.

About these Occupations
14,000 persons were employed in these occupations in 1996, down 0.4% from 1986. Over the same period, employment in all occupations grew by 13.1%.

81% of these workers are librarians, 10% are archivists, and 9% are conservators and curators.
24% of workers in these occupations work part-time, compared to an average of 19% for all occupations.
4% of workers in these occupations are self-employed, well below the average of 16% for all occupations.
77% of persons working in these occupations are women, well above the average of 45% in all occupations.
The unemployment rate in these occupations averaged 4.5% from 1994 to 1996, compared to an average of 6.7% for all occupations. These rates are among the lowest for occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport.
Average earnings of year-round, full-time workers in these occupations in 1995 were $34,700, compared to an average of $35,700 for all occupations. These earnings are among the lowest for professional occupations.
The separation rate in these occupations is low, indicating that workers tend not to lose or leave these jobs.
Employment in these occupations is not very sensitive to overall economic conditions and not seasonal.

Full-Time Earnings

1995 Full-Time Earnings*
$49,900 Highest
$34,700 Average
$19,300 Lowest

* Full-time earnings of the highest 10%, the average and the lowest 10% of workers. $35,700 is the average for all occupations.

Looking to the Year 2001
Current labour market conditions for new entrants in these occupations are poor. Labour market conditions for new entrants will remain poor through 2001.

Government cutbacks in the cultural sector will decrease employment opportunities in public libraries and galleries. Opportunities in the private sector include maintaining corporate archives and corporate memory systems and using the Internet for information searches.
The increasing availability of computerized reference material, both on the Internet and on compact disks, will transform the work of librarians. Growing use of computerized information storage will mean that archivists must organize information retrieval systems that allow easy and reliable access to stored data.
Labour requirements for these occupations will remain unchanged through 2001.