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Trojan War
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sisi_wang
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ID: 131806 posted 2001-8-31 10:56:19
偶看了头晕！（sisi老实的说）
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orionsnow
版主
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ID: 131127 posted 2001-8-31 4:16:18
up
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orionsnow
版主
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ID: 125131 posted 2001-8-28 9:11:04
贴完了 sigh ,记得第一次看还是借我MM 的， 哎，当时就不好好看：(
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orionsnow
版主
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ID: 125041 posted 2001-8-28 8:34:41
Fall of Troy
With Paris dead, his two brothers, Helenus and Deiphobus, quarrelled over who would have Helen. The people of Troy decided in favour of Deiphobus, and forced Helen to marry him.
Helenus left the city but was captured by Odysseus. Helenus
was the son of Priam and Hecuba, but he was also a seer, like his
sister, Cassandra. The Greeks somehow managed to persuade the
seer to reveal the weakness of Troy. The Greeks learnt from
Helenus, that Troy would not fall, while the Palladium, image or
statue of Athena, remained within Troy's walls. One night,
Odysseus and Diomedes slipped into Troy and stole the Palladium.
The Greeks realised they would only be able to capture the
city if they can get some forces within Troy. Odysseus later
devised the stratagem on finally winning the war, by building a
gigantic wooden horse, and leaving it on the beach. The wooden
horse would have some selected men, led by Odysseus, hidden inside
its belly. The main force of the Greeks would leave their camp
and sailed their ships away, hiding behind the nearest island.
A Greek spy, Sinon, was deliberately left behind, who would
try to convince the Trojans that the Greeks had sailed home, and
that Trojans should bring the horse inside their walls. The Trojan
seers, Cassandra and Laocoon tried to warn them not to listen to
Sinon, but a sea-monster send by Poseidon, killed Laocoon and his
two sons. The sea god's intervention, convinced the Trojans, they
had won the war, and they brought the wooden horse, within Troy.
The Trojans celebrated their apparent victory before going to
bed. The Greek warriors inside the wooden horse, climbed out of
the hidden compartment, open the gate to allow the Greek army
entrance into the sleeping city. Agamemnon returned with the main
body of the Greek army, and entered the city.
Notes:
Priam: 普里阿摩斯，特洛伊末代国君
Hecuba: 普里阿摩斯之妻
Cassandra: 卡珊德拉，特洛伊国王普里阿摩斯之女， 阿波罗向她求爱，
赋予她预言能力，后因求爱不遂，又下令不准人信其预言。
Palladium: 帕拉狄昂（即雅典娜）神像。
Diomedes: 狄俄墨得斯，特洛伊战争中希腊英雄之一，协助Odysseus盗窃
雅典娜神像。
stratagem: n.战略，计谋
Laocoon: 拉奥孔， 特洛伊的祭师，因警告特洛伊人勿中木马计而触怒天
神，连同两个儿子被海中巨蟒缠死
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orionsnow
版主
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ID: 125034 posted 2001-8-28 8:29:58
Fall of Troy
The Greeks were dismayed by the deaths of two of their great
fighters. The city seemed as invulnerable as ever.
The Greek seer named Calchas, told them Troy won't fall until
Neoptolemus, son of Achilles join the war, and that the bow and
arrows of Heracles must be brought to Troy.
Odysseus easily persuaded young Neoptolemus to join the Greeks.
The bow of Heracles, however, belonged to one of the Greek leaders
named Philoctetes, whom the Greeks had abandoned on the island of
Lemnos due to the vile odour from his snakebite.
Philoctetes was bitter of the Greeks deserting him on the
uninhabited island, refused to join the Greeks. Philoctetes want
to kill Odysseus, Agamemnon and Menelaus, because they were
responsible for leaving him behind. Philoctetes would have killed
Odysseus, until the appearance and intervention of Heracles
himself. Heracles, now a god, persuaded his friend to return with
Odysseus to Troy. Heracles assured his old friend that he would
be healed.
At Troy, Philoctetes was healed by one of the Greek healers,
named Machaon, the son of Asclepius. In the fighting, the first
person Philoctetes mortally wounded with his arrow was Paris.
Paris remembering his first wife's words (Oenone's), whom he
had abandoned for Helen. Oenoe had told Paris that she would heal
him if he were ever wounded. But the nymph could not forgive him
for not returning earlier, refused to heal Paris. Paris had no
choice but to return to Troy to die. Oenone at once regret her
decision, and went after Paris with drug to heal him of the Hydra's
venom. But it was too late for Oenone to save him. In her grief,
Oenone hung herself.
Notes:
invulnerable: adj.不会受伤害的，无懈可击的
seer: n.先知，预言家
Calchas: 卡尔克斯， 特洛伊战争中希腊军队方面的阿波罗奉祀祭司和随
军占卜师
Neoptolemus: 尼奥普托列墨斯，Achilles之子
Philoctetes: 菲罗克忒忒斯，在特洛伊战争中用其父大力神 Hercules所
遗之弓和毒箭杀死特洛伊王子Paris的英雄
Asclepius: 阿斯克勒庇俄斯，医药神
Oenone: 俄诺涅，特洛伊王子Paris初娶的山林水泽中女神
Hydra: 九头怪蛇
venom: n.蛇的毒液
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orionsnow
版主
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ID: 124954 posted 2001-8-28 7:52:33
After the funeral, it was decided that the Achilles' armour,
made by the god Hephaestus, should be awarded to the best warrior.
Ajax and Odysseus both contest for the armour. The Greek leaders
awarded the armour to Odysseus. Ajax, furious with the decision,
was driven mad by Athena, Odysseus' protector. Ajax started
killing herd of sheep, imagining that he was killing the Greek
leaders who awarded the armour to Odysseus. Returning to sanity,
Ajax was mortified by what he done, and in his despair, Ajax
killed himself.
According to the play written by Sophocles, Agamemnon and his
brother, Menelaus, wanted to expose Ajax's body to the dogs and
vultures, refusing to allow the body to be buried.
Ajax's half-brother, Teucer, bitterly accused them of
sacrilege for not respect one of their fallen leaders. Only
through the intervention of Odysseus, prevented bloodshed between
Teucer and the Atreidae (Agamemnon and Menelaüs). Odysseus argued
in favour of burying Ajax in full honour, because he believed that
Ajax's bravery earned that respect.
Agamemnon and Menelaus had no choice but to respect Odysseus'
decision. Odysseus told Teucer that he would not have contested
Ajax, if he had realised how much Ajax wanted Achilles' armour.
According to one story, the armour was buried with Ajax, but
the more version, say that Odysseus gave the armour to Achilles'
son, Neoptolemus.
Notes:
Hephaestus: 赫菲斯托斯，Zeus与Hera之子，火和煅冶之神。
Ajax: 埃阿斯，特洛伊围攻战中的希腊英雄，臂力、骁勇仅次于Achilles
Odysseus: 奥德修斯，古希腊荷马所作史诗《奥德赛》中的主人公，伊塞
卡国王，在特洛伊战中献木马计
Athena: 雅典娜，智慧与技艺的女神
Sophocles: 索福克勒斯，古希腊三大悲剧诗人之一，传世著名作品有
《埃阿斯》、《安提戈涅》、《俄狄浦斯王》
Agamemnon: 阿伽门农，特洛伊战争中希腊军队的统帅
Menelaus: 斯巴达王
Teucer: 透克罗斯，特洛伊战争中希腊军的优秀射手，战后在塞浦路斯创
立了萨拉弥斯城。
sacrilege: n.亵渎
Neoptolemus: 尼奥普托列墨斯，Achilles之子
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orionsnow
版主
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ID: 124922 posted 2001-8-28 7:40:22
Death of Achilles
The Trojans received further aids, first from the Amazons and
later Ethiopians or Assyrians.
The Amazon queen, Penthesileia, was the daughter of Ares,
sister of Hippolyte. Penthesileia killed many Greeks before
Achilles killed her. When Achilles stripped Penthesileia of her
armour, he saw that the woman was young and very beautiful. He
seemed to have fallen madly in love with her, regret killing
Penthesileia. One of the Greek named Theristes (the ugliest and
lame fighter) mocked Achilles for his behaviour, by mourning his
enemy. Enraged, Achilles killed Thersites with a single blow to
his face. Thersites was quarrelsome and abusive in character,
that only his cousin, Diomedes, mourned for him.
When young Antioclus trying to defend his father Nestor during
the retreat, Memnon, son of Eos and Tithonus, killed Antioclus.
Achilles avenged his friend's death by killing Memnon. With
Memnon's death, Achilles drove the Trojan all the way to the
city's wall. Achilles was soon killed by Paris, with an arrow
guided by Apollo to his heel, the only vulnerable spot of his
body (hence the "Achilles' heel"). Telamonian Ajax carried his
body back to camp, while Odysseus kept the Trojans back.
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orionsnow
版主
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ID: 124863 posted 2001-8-28 7:14:02
Trojan War
Funerals and Ransom
Not satisfy with avenging Patroclus, Achilles proceeded to
desecrate Hector's body. Achilles tied the girdle that Hector
received from Ajax, at the end of Achilles' chariot to Hector's
ankles. Achilles proceeded to drag the body behind his chariot.
Zeus did not like this treatment with Hector's body. Zeus ordered
his son, Apollo, to anoint Hector with ambrosia, to preserve the
body from damages and decays.
For twelve days, Achilles mourned over the loss of his
companion. Patroclus' spirit came to Achilles in a dream, begging
the hero to bury him. A funeral was held in the morning. Twelve
Trojan captives were sacrificed at the funeral.
Great funeral games were held in Patroclus' honour. Achilles
presided over the games, while other Greek leaders took part in
the events, such as wrestling, boxing, archery, footrace and
chariot race.
It was only with the aid of the god Hermes that Priam managed
to slip into Greek camp and entered Achilles' tent without letting
the other Greek leaders know of his presence.
The gods had already entered Achilles' dream, ordering the
hero to give Hector's body to his father for burial. The aged king
pleaded Achilles to remember that his own father would be the same
age and that Peleus would also be concern with his son's well
being. Achilles treated Priam with great respect and chivalry.
Achilles even granted Priam twelve days respite from fighting,
until the funeral of Hector was completed.
Priam brought Hector's body back to Troy, where a great
funeral was prepared. Even Helen mourned for him, since he had
always treated her with respect, when everyone else treated with
contempt since she was one of the causes of the war.
Homer ended the Iliad with a tribute to "Hector the Tamer of
Horses".
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